Landmark abortion vote in Ireland may change constitution

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Buses pass signposts in Dublin covered in placards from the “Yes” and “No” campaigns, urging people to vote in the referendum to repeal the eighth amendment of the Irish constitution. Ireland will hold a referendum Friday on whether to alter its constitution to legalize abortion. Abortion is illegal unless there is a real and substantial risk to the life of the mother; a woman convicted of having an illegal termination faces 14 years imprisonment. | Barry Cronin/AFP/Getty Images

DUBLIN — An abortion debate that has inflamed passions in Ireland for decades will come down to a single question on Friday: yes or no?

The referendum on whether to repeal the country’s strict anti-abortion law — the 8th amendment in the Irish constitution — is being seen by anti-abortion activists as a last-ditch stand against what they view as a European norm of abortion-on-demand, while for pro-abortion rights advocates, it is a fundamental moment for declaring an Irish woman’s right to choose.

If the “yes” side prevails and the constitutional ban on abortions is repealed, the government plans to introduce legislation that would allow abortion within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, and later in specific cases when the woman is at grave risk or the fetus is likely to die in the womb or shortly after birth. Parliament would then debate this plan.

Opinion surveys suggest a continuing change of attitudes in Ireland, a traditionally Roman Catholic country that surprised many by voting in favor of same-sex marriage in 2015. Both sides generally agree that the frenzied campaign ahead of Friday’s vote has not produced the dramatic shift in public opinion that anti-abortion campaigners were hoping for.

Still, David Quinn of the socially conservative Iona Institute says the “no” forces opposed to abortion rights still have “a fighting chance,” and recalled other recent political upsets.

“Remember: Brexit wasn’t supposed to pass, and Donald Trump wasn’t supposed to get elected,” he said.

The referendum also has sparked interest in Chicago, which has thousands of residents claiming Irish heritage and some even holding Irish passports. There’s a Chicago for Repeal Facebook page, and the issue also has been highlighted on the March for Life Chicago page.

Bonnie Quirke, president of Lake County Right to Life and a first-generation Irish-American, said Friday’s vote is crucial.

“It is probably one of the most important votes Ireland has ever had because the country has always cared for the unborn,” Quirke said.

Some are even headed back to vote. That decision was easy for Fergus McCarthy. He moved to Chicago last year, but kept up with the country’s referendum to “Repeal the 8th.”

On Thursday, he packed a bag and headed to Ireland, hoping to show solidarity with the women who leave Ireland every year to get an abortion as they did with him in the country’s March 2015 referendum that allowed same-sex marriage.

“My heart goes out to anyone who’s had to leave their home to get the support they need,” said McCarthy, who moved to Lakeview last year. “They voted for me to be equal in the eyes of Ireland so I wanted to do the same for them.”

Volunteers from Reproductive rights, against Oppression, Sexism & Austerity (ROSA) dressed as characters from ‘The Handmaid’s Tale’, demonstrate in Dublin, on Wednesday, calling for a ‘Yes’ vote in Ireland’s upcoming abortion referendum on Friday. | N

Volunteers from Reproductive rights, against Oppression, Sexism & Austerity (ROSA) dressed as characters from ‘The Handmaid’s Tale’, demonstrate in Dublin, on Wednesday, calling for a ‘Yes’ vote in Ireland’s upcoming abortion referendum on Friday. | Niall Carson/Press Association, distributed by the Associated Press

Activists from both sides have put up thousands of emotional signs pleading their case and there were small demonstrations in Dublin on Wednesday as the vote neared.

Friday’s poll will be the fourth time in as many decades that Irish voters have been asked to decide on the issue of abortion.

But this time the debate has been roiled by two factors that voters have not faced before: The extraordinary power of social media and the increased availability through telemedicine websites of new drugs that allow women to make profound decisions over whether to end a pregnancy in the privacy of their homes.

Facebook and Google have both taken steps to restrict or remove ads relating to the referendum in a move designed to address global concerns about social media’s role in influencing political campaigns, from the U.S. presidential race to Brexit.

At the heart of this vote is whether or not to reverse a far-reaching 1983 referendum that inserted an amendment into Ireland’s constitution that committed authorities to equally defend the right to life of a mother and that of a fetus from the moment of conception.

The issue has been revisited repeatedly after heartrending “hard cases” that, abortion rights activists say, exposed vulnerable women to miserable choices — and even, at times, death.

Activists from the “Love Both, Vote No” campaign, including politician Mattie McGrath (center), hold placards Thursday urging people to vote ‘no’ in Friday’s referendum to repeal the eighth amendment of the Irish constitution. I Barry Cronin/Getty Images

Activists from the “Love Both, Vote No” campaign, including politician Mattie McGrath (center), hold placards Thursday urging people to vote ‘no’ in Friday’s referendum to repeal the eighth amendment of the Irish constitution. I Barry Cronin/Getty Images

Abortion is legal in Ireland only in rare cases when the woman’s life is in danger, and several thousand Irish women travel each year to terminate pregnancies in neighboring Britain. That number has fallen dramatically in recent years as women turned to online websites to illegally import drugs that end pregnancies.

One woman who flew to the Netherlands for an abortion she could not get at home says she is voting “yes” to support others in a similar predicament.

Tara Flynn was 37 when she found out she was pregnant. She had used the day-after contraceptive pill but it failed.

“I felt trapped in my body and trapped in my country,” said Flynn, now 48. “And because of the eighth amendment I didn’t even know where I could turn to for help.”

After researching online, Flynn traveled to Amsterdam for the abortion. She said she felt isolated, ashamed and excluded when she returned.

“A vote for ‘yes’ tomorrow isn’t a vote for abortion, it is a vote for solidarity, it is a vote for compassion,” she said. “It is a vote to say, I don’t send you away anymore.”

The Irish Times said in its editorial Thursday that the constitutional abortion ban must be repealed because it has left doctors confused as to what is legal, and led women to travel abroad “in secrecy and shame” for abortions.

It cited as the type of “grotesque spectacle” the ban has caused the case of a 14-year-old who became pregnant and suicidal after being raped. She had to go to the Supreme Court after the government blocked her from traveling to get an abortion.

Pro-abortion rights activists have sought to focus public attention on the difficult cases, including the fate of Savita Halappanavar, a 31-year-old Indian dentist who had sought and been denied an abortion before she died after a miscarriage in a Galway hospital on Ireland’s west coast in 2012. The man who led the Irish health service’s inquiry into her death has called for the constitutional ban on abortion to be repealed.

In an effort to neutralize the “hard cases” argument, some prominent anti-abortion campaigners have lately shifted their stance, even suggesting that new laws could be enacted to permit abortions in certain limited cases.

But that compromise was dismissed by Irish Prime Minister Leo Varadkar, a medical doctor who favors repealing the constitutional ban. He said it is the country’s “hard laws that create hard cases.”

Friday’s referendum has placed the abortion debate on center stage, with many on Dublin’s crowded city streets wearing buttons or T-shirts that align them with the “yes” or “no” side.

An elderly Dublin man, John Byrne, wore a “no” button on his lapel.

“I believe in life. I believe God is the giver of life,” the 78-year-old said, adding that he credits God with helping him overcome alcohol addiction.

“I drank, and I remember sleeping in the bushes in Merrion Square. God bailed me out. … It’s high time I did something for him,” he said. “We’ve gone too liberal in Ireland altogether, and we would be better off if we respected our Christian values.”

Voting has already started on remote Tory Island, off Ireland’s northwestern coast. A helicopter landed Thursday with a ballot box that will be brought back to the mainland for counting after the roughly 70 residents have voted.

Sun-Times reporter Rachel Hinton and Associated Press writers Renata Brito and Jill Lawless contributed to this report.

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